The area was inhabited by Native Americans for thousands of years in the Pre-Columbian period. Roods Landing site on the Chattahoochee River is a significant archaeological site located south of Omaha . Listed on the National Register of Historic Places , it includes major earthwork mounds built about 1100-1350 CE by peoples of the sophisticated Mississippian culture . Another Mississippian site is the Singer Moye Mounds, located in the southern part of the county
Stewart County was created by an act [3] of the Georgia General Assembly on December 23, 1830, from land that had been part of Randolph County, Georgia .