William I, the Conqueror, King of England, Duke of Normandy, was also known as William de Normandie. He was also known as William, II Duke of Normandy. He had reference number 121-24, 121E-22.
[Pf], son of
Robert, I, Duke of Normandy, and
HERLEVE (Harlette), was born in 1027 in Falaise, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France
G. Before his conquest of England, he was known as William the Bastard because of the illegitimacy of his birth.
1,2 [pf] became. Duke of Normandy from 3 July 1035 until his death, under the name William II of Normandy.
3 William I, the Conqueror, King of England, Duke of Normandy, age ~26 married
Matilda, of Flanders, age ~23, daughter of
Baldwin V de Lille, Count of Flanders, and
Adele (or Aelis) de France, Countess of Contentin,, in 1053.
1,2 [Pf] served as King of [m] between 1066 and 1087. [m2].
4 On 25 December 1066. He ascended to the throne of England after the death of his second cousin, Edward the Confessor, who had no heir. Edward requested William to be his heir apparent to the throne. William was the first Norman King of England and was known as William I, King of England.
2 . The English Witan did not make him their first choice for king. To press his claim to the English crown, William invaded England in1066, leading an army of Normans, Bretons, Flemings, and Frenchmen(from Paris and Île-de-France) to victory over the English forces of King Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings, and suppressed subsequent English revolts in what has become known as the Norman Conquest.
[:TAB:]William of Malmesbury, the foremost historian of the day, reported of William: 'He was of just stature, extraordinary corpulence, fierce countenance; his forehead bare of hair; of such strength of arm that it was often a matter of surprise that no one was able to draw his bow, which he himself could bend when his horse was on full gallop; he was majestic whether sitting or standing, although the protuberance of his belly deformed his royal person: of excellent health so that he was never confined with any dangerous disorder except at the last.
[:TAB:]His heavy taxes, together with the exactions of the greedy Norman landlords he put in power, reduced the great mass of Anglo-Saxon freemen to serfdom. By 1086, the Domesday Book showed that England comprised 12% freeholders; 35% serfs or villeins; 30% cotters and borders; and 9% slaves.William was one of the foremost soldiers of the medieval era, conquering a large kingdom from a smaller base. Most important, William created a feudal state with a strong central government.
[:TAB:]His reign, which imposed Norman culture and leadership on England,reshaped England in the Middle Ages. The details of that impact and the extent of the changes have been debated by scholars for centuries. In addition to the obvious change of ruler, his reign also saw a programme of building and fortification, changes to the English language, a shift in the upper levels of society and the church, and adoption of some aspects of continental church reform.
3 . The Normans invaded the land-owning aristocracy and the Church, replacing Anglo-Saxons in a host of key positions. In 1066 there were 4,000 landownes in King Harold's country, but by 1087 this territory had been appropriated and shared out among 200 French aristocrats; only two Anglo-Saxon land owners remained.
[:TAB:]In 1067-1068, William built castles in Exeter, Warwick, Nottingham, York, Lincoln, Huntington, and Cambridge. During the course of his reign, he raised 78 castles, including the White Tower, now the heart of the Tower of London.
5 . He was injured at the siege of Mantes while fighting against his feudal overlord, the King of France. He died from internal injuries from his horse's fall. William I, the Conqueror, King of England, Duke of Normandy, died on 9 September 1087 in the in Convent of Saint Gervais, Rouen, France
G.
1,2 He was buried in Abbey of Saint Stephen, Caen, Calvados, Basse-Normandie, France, 49.18167; -0.3727778
G. Find A Grave Memorial # is. The abbey is also known as Abbey of Saint-Etienne and as Abbaye aux Hommes (Men's Abbey). It is a former Benedictine monastery.
2 Find a Grave Memorial # is. 1948.
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